The ABCs of Home Loans: From Eligibility to Tenure and Default – Learn Everything in 10 Points

Kokila Chokkanathan
Owning a home is a dream for many, and a well-planned home loan can make it achievable. Understanding the rules, eligibility, interest rates, EMIs, insurance, and consequences of default is crucial before borrowing. Here’s a comprehensive 10-point guide to everything you need to know about home loans.

1. Eligibility Criteria

· Age: Most banks require applicants to be 21–65 years old.

· Income: Stable income from salary, business, or profession is necessary.

· Credit Score: A CIBIL score of 750 or above increases chances of loan approval.

· Employment Status: Salaried, self-employed, and professionals can apply.

2. Loan Amount

· Banks provide up to 80–90% of the property value.

· The remaining 10–20% must be paid as a down payment by the borrower.

3. Interest Rates

· home loans carry fixed, floating, or hybrid rates.

· Floating rates change with RBI repo rate, while fixed rates remain the same.

· Always compare annual interest rates and processing fees before choosing a lender.

4. Tenure of the Loan

· Typical tenure ranges from 5 to 30 years.

· Longer tenure lowers monthly EMIs but increases total interest paid.

5. EMIs (Equated Monthly Installments)

· EMI depends on loan amount, interest rate, and tenure.

· Early repayment or prepayment can reduce interest burden but may attract charges depending on the lender.

6. home Loan Insurance

· Some banks offer loan protection insurance that covers outstanding loan in case of death or critical illness.

· Optional but recommended to protect family finances.

7. Tax Benefits

· Principal repayment qualifies for Section 80C deductions (up to ₹1.5 lakh/year).

· Interest paid can be claimed under Section 24(b) (up to ₹2 lakh/year for self-occupied property).

8. Charges and Fees

· Processing fees, administrative charges, and legal verification fees may apply.

· Prepayment and foreclosure charges vary depending on loan type and lender policies.

9. Consequences of Default

· Missing EMIs can damage your credit score.

· Lenders may initiate property auction or legal recovery for overdue loans.

· Always communicate with the bank in case of financial stress to restructure the loan.

10. Tips for Wise Borrowing

· Borrow only what you can comfortably repay.

· Compare interest rates, tenure, and fees across multiple lenders.

· Consider loan portability to switch banks for lower rates.

· Maintain a buffer emergency fund for unexpected financial situations.

Bottom Line

A home loan can be a powerful tool to achieve your dream of owning a home, but it requires careful planning, understanding of interest rates, tenure, EMIs, insurance, and defaults. Following these 10 points will help you borrow responsibly and manage your finances effectively.

Remember, the key to a successful home loan is informed decision-making and disciplined repayment.

 

Disclaimer:

The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of any agency, organization, employer, or company. All information provided is for general informational purposes only. While every effort has been made to ensure accuracy, we make no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, reliability, or suitability of the information contained herein. Readers are advised to verify facts and seek professional advice where necessary. Any reliance placed on such information is strictly at the reader’s own risk.

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